{"id":8230,"date":"2025-05-02T15:02:53","date_gmt":"2025-05-02T09:32:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/?page_id=8230"},"modified":"2025-06-27T15:34:21","modified_gmt":"2025-06-27T10:04:21","slug":"urban-modelling-development-of-multi-sectorial-simulation-lab-and-science-based-decision-support-framework-to-address-urban-environment-issues-sample","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/hi\/applications\/projects\/urban-modelling-development-of-multi-sectorial-simulation-lab-and-science-based-decision-support-framework-to-address-urban-environment-issues-sample\/","title":{"rendered":"Urban Modelling: Development of multi-sectorial simulation lab and science-based decision support framework to address urban environment issues-sample"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"8230\" class=\"elementor elementor-8230\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a103ea0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a103ea0\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-150952a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"150952a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"font-weight-bold mb-4\">\u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917: \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u092e\u0941\u0926\u094d\u0926\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092c\u0939\u0941-\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u093f\u092e\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0936\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928-\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u0922\u093e\u0902\u091a\u0947 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938<\/h4>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0248df0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"0248df0\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-47fc359 elementor-widget elementor-widget-n-accordion\" data-id=\"47fc359\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;default_state&quot;:&quot;expanded&quot;,&quot;max_items_expended&quot;:&quot;one&quot;,&quot;n_accordion_animation_duration&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;ms&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:400,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"nested-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-n-accordion\" aria-label=\"Accordion. 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\u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930\u094d\u0917\u0924, \u090f\u0915 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e \u0938\u093e\u0907\u092c\u0930-\u0907\u0902\u092b\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0938\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u091a\u0930 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c (\u092f\u0942\u0908\u090f\u09382\u090f\u0938) (\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 1) \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u0915 \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0903 \u092f\u0941\u0917\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 '\u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928, \u091c\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e' \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 (\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 2) \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u0938\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e \u092a\u0948\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-552361e elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-pagination-position-outside elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel\" data-id=\"552361e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;both&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;effect&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel-wrapper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Image Carousel\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"1 of 2\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/UM1-768x383.png\" alt=\"Figure 1: Homepage of Urban Environment Science to Society (UES2S)\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 1: \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u0924\u0915 (\u092f\u0942\u0908\u090f\u09382\u090f\u0938) \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0941\u0916\u092a\u0943\u0937\u094d\u0920<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"2 of 2\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/UM2-768x431.png\" alt=\"Figure 2: HPC Based Integrated Urban Modelling System\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 2: \u090f\u091a\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940 \u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-chevron-left\" viewbox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M646 125C629 125 613 133 604 142L308 442C296 454 292 471 292 487 292 504 296 521 308 533L604 854C617 867 629 875 646 875 663 875 679 871 692 858 704 846 713 829 713 812 713 796 708 779 692 767L438 487 692 225C700 217 708 204 708 187 708 171 704 154 692 142 675 129 663 125 646 125Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-chevron-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M696 533C708 521 713 504 713 487 713 471 708 454 696 446L400 146C388 133 375 125 354 125 338 125 325 129 313 142 300 154 292 171 292 187 292 204 296 221 308 233L563 492 304 771C292 783 288 800 288 817 288 833 296 850 308 863 321 871 338 875 354 875 371 875 388 867 400 854L696 533Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-pagination\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-7541\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"2\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-7541\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><span class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f <\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-7541\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-991a3e2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"991a3e2\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-7541\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0f15924 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0f15924\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0534825 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0534825\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u0907\u0938 \u0915\u0902\u0938\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0938\u0942\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092e \u092a\u0948\u092e\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u0940\u092f \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093f\u0924\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093f\u0927\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0935 \u0915\u094b \u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915 \u0911\u0928\u0932\u093e\u0907\u0928, \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0924\u0903 \u092f\u0941\u0917\u094d\u092e\u093f\u0924 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 '\u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928, \u091c\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e' \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u093e \u0909\u0926\u094d\u0926\u0947\u0936\u094d\u092f \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928, \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941\u092e\u0902\u0921\u0932\u0940\u092f \u092b\u0948\u0932\u093e\u0935 \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928, \u0924\u0925\u093e \u091c\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u094c\u0936\u0932 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0927\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0916\u093f\u092e \u0906\u0915\u0932\u0928, \u0906\u092a\u0926\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928, \u0926\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u0940\u0924\u093f\u0917\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0964 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0940, \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 \u0914\u0930 3\u0921\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u093c\u0941\u0905\u0932\u093e\u0907\u091c\u093c\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u0924\u0915\u0928\u0940\u0915\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u090f\u0915 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928-\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924, \u090f\u091a\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940-\u0938\u0915\u094d\u0937\u092e \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0922\u093e\u0901\u091a\u093e \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u092f\u0940 \u0938\u094d\u092e\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f \u0938\u093f\u091f\u0940 \u0932\u0915\u094d\u0937\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u091c\u093e \u0938\u0915\u0947\u0964<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-7542\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"3\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-7542\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><span class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917: \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u091c \u0924\u0915 (UES2S) <\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-7542\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5582480 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5582480\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-7542\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca2e857 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ca2e857\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad19189 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ad19189\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>UES2S is an online fully coupled urban \u2018meteorology, hydrology, and air quality\u2019 modeling system developed under the NSM Urban Modelling Project. This system captures the urban representation of micro-scale city environmental conditions. UES2S has three major components: Data as a service (DataHub), modeling platform as a service (Science Gateway), and Decision Support System (DSS) for cross-sector end-user decisions. Through DataHub, we intend to provide cross-sector data access and a data-sharing facility. The Science Gateway (Figures 3 &amp; 4) has automatic end-end modeling workflows enabling ready-to-use weather, hydrology, and air quality models on NSM clusters. The DSS component (Figures 5 &amp; 6) facilitates the translation of scientific data into multi-stakeholder interactive actions. The DSS provides high-resolution weather, air quality, and hydrology forecasts along with the forecast of reservoir inflows, water levels, and discharge for flood management and mitigation. Thus, the DSS is integral to disaster management activities, daily operations, and science-based policy decisions.<\/p><p>\u092f\u0939 \u092c\u0939\u0941-\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u0938\u093f\u092e\u0941\u0932\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0936\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928-\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0922\u093e\u0901\u091a\u093e \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940 \u0938\u092e\u0938\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u090f\u091a\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940-\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915\u092b\u093c\u094d\u0932\u094b, \u090f\u0915 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0903\u0935\u093f\u0937\u092f \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0923-\u0938\u094d\u0925\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925, \u091a\u0930\u092e \u0918\u091f\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0935\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092f\u0935\u093e\u0923\u0940 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e, \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0939\u0947\u0924\u0941 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0917\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0905\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0902\u0924 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e-\u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u093f\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0927\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0906\u0938\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930 \u0938\u0915\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0938\u0947 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0938\u0902\u0927\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u092c\u093e\u0927 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u092a\u0930\u093f\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0935\u093f\u0927\u093e \u0939\u094b\u0917\u0940\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0922\u093e\u0901\u091a\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932\u093f\u0902\u0917 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940, \u092a\u0930\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0932\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u094d\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u090f\u0901, \u090f\u0915 \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0939\u092c \u0914\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0921\u0940\u090f\u0938\u090f\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u091c\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0935\u093f\u0927 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0923\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928, \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0947\u0935\u093e\u090f\u0901 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964<\/p><p>Science Gateway (Figure 3) is a digital platform customized for meteorologists, hydrologists, and air quality modelers, offering convenient access to data from specialized tools and collaboration features to enhance research and forecasting in these areas. Workflow of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) (Figure 4) is developed in Science Gateway, a state-of-the-art mesoscale numerical weather prediction system designed for atmospheric research and operational forecasting applications.<\/p><p>A Decision Support System (DSS) (Figure 5) helps in decision-making during extreme events like heavy rainfall, floods, and heatwaves. It facilitates analyses of meteorological patterns like short-duration high-intensity rainfall, heat and cold waves, hydrological parameters such as reservoir levels and river flows, and air quality parameters like PM 2.5. For instance, during an extreme event, the DSS provided accurate forecasts and risk assessments through charts, shaded and non-shaded plots, and vector plots, assisting users in rainfall information, flood control, air quality monitoring, and climate resilient planning.<\/p><p>The reservoir operations module, which is a key component of the DSS, displays a time series forecast plots as shown in Figure 5. This plot includes various parameters such as upstream\/downstream catchment rainfall, reservoir water level, dam discharge, and reservoir inflow for the user-selected reservoir. The user, typically a scientists or operational forecasters in weather, environmental science, or disaster management, can use this information to make informed decisions and plan accordingly.<\/p><p>In one of the DSS module (Figure 6), users can select flood hotspots in the alerts section and then click on a hotspot pin for a particular location to visualize water depth relative to human height, making the representation more intuitive and engaging.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a67c55e elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-pagination-position-outside elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel\" data-id=\"a67c55e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;both&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;effect&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel-wrapper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Image Carousel\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"1 of 4\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/UM-application1.png\" alt=\"Figure 3: Components of Science Gateway\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 3: \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0902\u0938 \u0917\u0947\u091f\u0935\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0918\u091f\u0915<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"2 of 4\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/UM-application2.png\" alt=\"Figure 4: WRF Workflow\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 4: \u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0906\u0930\u090f\u092b \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915\u092b\u093c\u094d\u0932\u094b<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"3 of 4\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/UM-application3.png\" alt=\"Figure 5: Decision Support System\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 5: \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"4 of 4\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/UM-application4.png\" alt=\"Figure 6: DSS for Flood \u2013 Water depth: 0.52 meter (pictorial view) at Pune catchment\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 6: \u092c\u093e\u0922\u093c \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0921\u0940\u090f\u0938\u090f\u0938 - \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0939\u0930\u093e\u0908: \u092a\u0941\u0923\u0947 \u091c\u0932\u0917\u094d\u0930\u0939\u0923 \u0915\u094d\u0937\u0947\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 0.52 \u092e\u0940\u091f\u0930 (\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u092e\u092f \u0926\u0943\u0936\u094d\u092f)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-alt-circle-left\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 504C119 504 8 393 8 256S119 8 256 8s248 111 248 248-111 248-248 248zm116-292H256v-70.9c0-10.7-13-16.1-20.5-8.5L121.2 247.5c-4.7 4.7-4.7 12.2 0 16.9l114.3 114.9c7.6 7.6 20.5 2.2 20.5-8.5V300h116c6.6 0 12-5.4 12-12v-64c0-6.6-5.4-12-12-12z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-alt-circle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8c137 0 248 111 248 248S393 504 256 504 8 393 8 256 119 8 256 8zM140 300h116v70.9c0 10.7 13 16.1 20.5 8.5l114.3-114.9c4.7-4.7 4.7-12.2 0-16.9l-114.3-115c-7.6-7.6-20.5-2.2-20.5 8.5V212H140c-6.6 0-12 5.4-12 12v64c0 6.6 5.4 12 12 12z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-pagination\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-7543\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"4\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-7543\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><span class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> \u092e\u0940\u0932 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0925\u0930 <\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-7543\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-047a66c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"047a66c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-7543\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-babff9a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"babff9a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08d2d4d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"08d2d4d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0936\u0939\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u0948\u0932\u093f\u092c\u094d\u0930\u0947\u091f\u0947\u0921 \u0914\u0930 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932<\/li><li>\u092a\u093e\u092f\u0932\u091f \u0936\u0939\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u091a\u094d\u091a \u0938\u0902\u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a \u090f\u0932\u092f\u0942\u090f\u0932\u0938\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 \u0924\u0948\u092f\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e<\/li><li>\u090f\u0915\u0940\u0915\u0943\u0924 \u092e\u0947\u091f-\u0939\u093e\u0907\u0921\u094d\u0930\u094b-\u090f\u0915\u094d\u092f\u0942 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e \u0905\u0928\u0941\u0915\u0942\u0932 \u0935\u0947\u092c-\u0906\u0927\u093e\u0930\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u0928\u093f\u0937\u094d\u092a\u093e\u0926\u0928 \u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u092e\u0935\u0930\u094d\u0915 (\u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0906\u0930\u090f\u092b, \u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0906\u0930\u090f\u092b-\u0938\u0940\u090f\u091a\u0908\u090f\u092e, AERMOD, \u090f\u091a\u0939\u0940\u0938\u0940-\u0906\u0930\u090f\u090f\u0938, \u090f\u091a\u0939\u0940\u0938\u0940-\u090f\u091a\u090f\u092e\u090f\u0938, \u090f\u0938\u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u090f\u092e\u090f\u092e), \u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0939\u092c \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940<\/li><li>\u090f\u0902\u0921-\u091f\u0942-\u090f\u0902\u0921 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u091a\u093e\u0932\u093f\u0924 \u092e\u0949\u0921\u0932 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0924\u094d\u092f\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u0909\u092a\u0915\u0930\u0923<\/li><li>\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0926\u0947\u0936\u0940 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u093c\u0941\u0905\u0932\u093e\u0907\u091c\u093c\u0947\u0936\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0932\u0947\u091f\u092b\u0949\u0930\u094d\u092e<\/li><li>\u0906\u0908\u090f\u092e\u0921\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u093f\u0915\u0938\u093f\u0924 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0902\u091a \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940<\/li><li>\u0906\u0908\u090f\u092e\u0921\u0940, \u092a\u0940\u090f\u092e\u0938\u0940, \u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u090f\u092e\u0938\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0906\u0930\u0921\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e, \u091c\u0932\u093e\u0936\u092f \u091c\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0922\u093c, \u0939\u0940\u091f\u0935\u0947\u0935, \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0908 (\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 3 \u0914\u0930 4)<\/li><li>\u0921\u0949. \u090f\u092e. \u0930\u0935\u093f\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0928, \u0938\u091a\u093f\u0935, \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0932\u092f, \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937, \u092a\u0940\u090f\u092e\u0938\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u091c\u094d\u091e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u092e\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u092f\u0942\u0908\u090f\u09382\u090f\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0936\u0928 (\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 5)<\/li><li>\u092a\u0940\u092f\u0930-\u0930\u093f\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0921 \u091c\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0932 \u0914\u0930 13 \u0915\u0949\u0928\u094d\u092b\u094d\u0930\u0947\u0902\u0938 \u092a\u0947\u092a\u0930\u094d\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 36 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0928<\/li><li>\u092a\u093f\u0902\u092a\u0930\u0940-\u091a\u093f\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0921\u093c \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u092e\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0938\u092e\u0930\u094d\u0925\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e, \u092c\u093e\u0922\u093c \u0915\u0940 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0939\u0935\u093e \u0915\u0940 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e (\u0938\u0902\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0930\u0942\u092a \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0908\u0906\u0908\u091f\u0940\u090f\u092e \u092a\u0941\u0923\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925) \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u0930 \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u092e\u0913\u092f\u0942 \u092a\u0930 30 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930 2024 \u0915\u094b  \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u090f\u0964<\/li><li>\u0921\u0947\u091f\u093e \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e\u0915\u0930\u0923: \u0906\u0908\u090f\u092e\u0921\u0940, \u092a\u0941\u0923\u0947 \u092e\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u093f\u0938\u093f\u092a\u0932 \u0915\u0949\u0930\u092a\u094b\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928, \u092a\u093f\u0902\u092a\u0930\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0921\u093c \u092e\u094d\u092f\u0942\u0928\u093f\u0938\u093f\u092a\u0932 \u0915\u0949\u0930\u092a\u094b\u0930\u0947\u0936\u0928 (\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u090f\u092e\u0938\u0940) \u0914\u0930 \u091c\u0932 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917, \u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u0938\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u094b \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093e\u0922\u093c \u0915\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u093e<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22c4e36 elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-pagination-position-outside elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-carousel\" data-id=\"22c4e36\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;slides_to_show&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;both&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;effect&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"image-carousel.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel-wrapper swiper\" role=\"region\" aria-roledescription=\"carousel\" aria-label=\"Image Carousel\" dir=\"ltr\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-carousel swiper-wrapper\" aria-live=\"off\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"1 of 3\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/UM3-new-r245ac6vl6797lakrqzb2wwp644pi37kk2npqv2lpk.png\" alt=\"Figure 7: Typical Daily Rainfall info upto Ward level\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 7: \u0935\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0924\u0915 \u0915\u0940 \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928\u094d\u092f \u0926\u0948\u0928\u093f\u0915 \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093e \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"2 of 3\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/UM4-r1mkgqc7qdwd5aukcrvre9u6nprse2t5dl6jmnl7g8.png\" alt=\"Figure 8: Air quality forecast information\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 8: \u0935\u093e\u092f\u0941 \u0917\u0941\u0923\u0935\u0924\u094d\u0924\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><div class=\"swiper-slide\" role=\"group\" aria-roledescription=\"slide\" aria-label=\"3 of 3\"><figure class=\"swiper-slide-inner\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"swiper-slide-image\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/UM5-r1mkgs7w41yxsiru1sp0j9d3uhiith0m1uhil7ien4.jpg\" alt=\"Figure 9: Project review by Dr. M. Ravichandran, Secretary, MoES, Chairman, PMC and domain experts\" \/><figcaption class=\"elementor-image-carousel-caption\">\u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930 9: \u0921\u0949. \u090f\u092e. \u0930\u0935\u093f\u091a\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0928, \u0938\u091a\u093f\u0935, \u092a\u0943\u0925\u094d\u0935\u0940 \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u092e\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0932\u092f, \u0905\u0927\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0937, \u092a\u0940\u090f\u092e\u0938\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0921\u094b\u092e\u0947\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0936\u0947\u0937\u091c\u094d\u091e\u094b\u0902 \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092a\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u091c\u0928\u093e \u0938\u092e\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-prev\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-alt-circle-left\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 504C119 504 8 393 8 256S119 8 256 8s248 111 248 248-111 248-248 248zm116-292H256v-70.9c0-10.7-13-16.1-20.5-8.5L121.2 247.5c-4.7 4.7-4.7 12.2 0 16.9l114.3 114.9c7.6 7.6 20.5 2.2 20.5-8.5V300h116c6.6 0 12-5.4 12-12v-64c0-6.6-5.4-12-12-12z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper-button elementor-swiper-button-next\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-alt-circle-right\" viewbox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8c137 0 248 111 248 248S393 504 256 504 8 393 8 256 119 8 256 8zM140 300h116v70.9c0 10.7 13 16.1 20.5 8.5l114.3-114.9c4.7-4.7 4.7-12.2 0-16.9l-114.3-115c-7.6-7.6-20.5-2.2-20.5 8.5V212H140c-6.6 0-12 5.4-12 12v64c0 6.6 5.4 12 12 12z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-pagination\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-7544\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"5\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-7544\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><span class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> \u0909\u092a\u0932\u092c\u094d\u0927\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 <\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-7544\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1533df9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1533df9\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-7544\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c30a949 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c30a949\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c0234ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c0234ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h5>\u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u093e \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u092a\u0928:<\/h5>\n<ul>\n \t<li class=\"translation-block\">\u0936\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u0928\u093f\u0930\u094d\u0923\u092f \u0938\u0939\u093e\u092f\u0924\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0923\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u092a\u092f\u094b\u0917 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u093e\u091d\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f 30 \u0905\u0915\u094d\u091f\u0942\u092c\u0930 2024 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u093f\u0902\u092a\u0930\u0940-\u091a\u093f\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0921\u093c \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u092e (\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u090f\u092e\u0938\u0940) \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u092e\u091d\u094c\u0924\u093e \u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u092a\u0928 \u092a\u0930 \u0939\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0915\u094d\u0937\u0930 \u0915\u093f\u090f \u0917\u090f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"width: 45rem;margin: auto\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/UM6.jpg\" \/><\/div>\n<h6 style=\"text-align: center\">(\u0926\u093e\u090f\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u090f\u0902) \u0921\u0949. \u0938\u0902\u091c\u092f \u0935\u093e\u0902\u0921\u0947\u0915\u0930, \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092e\u0941\u0916, \u0938\u0940-\u0921\u0948\u0915 \u092a\u0941\u0923\u0947, \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0940 \u0936\u0947\u0916\u0930 \u0938\u093f\u0902\u0939 (\u0906\u0908\u090f\u090f\u0938) \u0906\u092f\u0941\u0915\u094d\u0924, \u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u090f\u092e\u0938\u0940, \u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u090f\u092e\u0938\u0940 \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u0940<\/h6>\n\n<hr \/>\n\n<h6>\u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0928<\/h6>\n<h6>\u0938\u092e\u0915\u0915\u094d\u0937 \u0938\u092e\u0940\u0915\u094d\u0937\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u091c\u0930\u094d\u0928\u0932 \u092a\u0947\u092a\u0930:<\/h6>\n<ol>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Kaginalkar A. et al., Integrated urban environmental system of systems for weather ready cities in India, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, (2021),<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1175\/BAMS-D-20-0279.1\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1175\/BAMS-D-20-0279.1<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Islam, S., Karipot, A., Bhawar, R., Sinha, P., Kedia, S. and Khare, M., 2024. Urban heat island effect in India: a review of current status, impact and mitigation strategies. Discover Cities, 1(1), pp.1-28.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Kulkarni Santosh H., S. D. Ghude, C. Jena, R. K. Karumuri, B. Sinha, V. Sinha, R. Kumar, V. K. Soni, and M. Khare: How Much Does Large-Scale Crop Residue Burning Affect the Air Quality in Delhi?, Environmental Science &amp; Technology, 54 (8), 4790-4799 (2020)<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Sumita Kedia, Sudheer Bhakare, Arun Dwivedi, Sahidul Islam, Akshara Kaginalkar: Estimates of change in surface meteorology and urban heat island over northwest India: Impact of urbanization, Urban Climate, Volume 36, (2021)<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Gaikwad S., et al 2024: Harnessing deep learning for forecasting fire-burning locations and unveiling PM2.5 emissions, Modeling Earth Systems and Environment, 10, February 2024, <a href=\"\/hi\/10.1007\/s40808-023-01831-1\/\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40808-023-01831-1, 927-941<\/a><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Govardhan G., et al (2024), Decision Support System version 1.0 (DSS v1.0) for air quality management in Delhi, India, Geoscientific Model Development, 17, April 2024,<a href=\"\/hi\/10.5194\/gmd-17-2617-2024\/\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/gmd-17-2617-2024, 2617\u20132640<\/a> <\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Karrevula, N.R., Nadimpalli, R., Sinha, P., Mohanty, S., Boyaj, A., Swain, M. and Mohanty, U.C., 2024. Performance Evaluation of WRF Model in Simulating Extreme Rainfall Events Over Bhubaneswar Urban Region of East Coast of India. Pure and Applied Geophysics, pp.1-27.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Karrevula, N.R., Boyaj, A., Sinha, P., Nadimpalli, R., Mohanty, U.C., Islam, S., Kaginalkar, A. and Vinoj, V., 2024. Role of planetary boundary layer physics in urban-scale WRF model for predicting the heat waves over tropical city Bhubaneswar. Journal of Earth System Science, 133(3), pp.1-26.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Boyaj, A., Karrevula, N.R., Sinha, P., Patel, P., Mohanty, U.C. and Niyogi, D., 2024. Impact of increasing urbanization on heatwaves in Indian cities. International Journal of Climatology, 44(11), pp.4089-4114.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Boyaj, A., Sinha, P., Mohanty, U.C., Vinoj, V., Ashok, K., Islam, S., Kaginalkar, A. and Khare, M., 2024. Projected frequency of low to high-intensity rainfall events over India using bias-corrected CORDEX models. Atmospheric Research, p.107760.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Boyaj, A., Nadimpalli, R., Reddy, D., Sinha, P., Karrevula, N.R., Osuri, K.K., Srivastava, A., Swain, M., Mohanty, U.C., Islam, S. and Kaginalkar, A., 2023. Role of radiation and canopy model in predicting heat waves using WRF over the city of Bhubaneswar, Odisha. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 135(6), p.60.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Mohanty, S., Swain, M., Nadimpalli, R., Osuri, K.K., Mohanty, U.C., Patel, P. and Niyogi, D., 2023. Meteorological conditions of extreme heavy rains over coastal city Mumbai. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 62(2), pp.191-208.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Swain, M., Nadimpalli, R.R., Mohanty, U.C., Guhathakurta, P., Gupta, A., Kaginalkar, A., Chen, F. and Niyogi, D., 2023. Delay in timing and spatial reorganization of rainfall due to urbanization-analysis over India\u2019s smart city Bhubaneswar. Computational Urban Science, 3(1), p.8.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Gunwani P., et. al.: \u201cSensitivity of WRF\/Chem to different Meteorological Initial Conditions and PBL parameterization schemes\u201d, Atmospheric Environment (2023).<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Madhusmita Swain, et al., 2023: Delay in timing and spatial reorganization of rainfall due to urbanization- analysis over India\u2019s smart city Bhubaneswar. Comput. Urban Sci. 3, 8.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Shyama Mohanty, Madhusmita Swain, Raghu Nadimpalli, K. K. Osuri, U. C. Mohanty, Pratiman Patel, and Dev Niyogi, 2023: Meteorological Conditions of Extreme Heavy Rains over Coastal City Mumbai. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 2023,Vol.62-2, 191\u2013208<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">V. K. Valappil, Sumita Kedia, A. K Dwivedi, S. S Pokale, Sahidul Islam, Manoj K Khare, Assessing the performance of WRF ARW model in simulating heavy rainfall events over the Pune region: in support of operational applications, Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 2023.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Madhusmita Swain, R. Nadimpalli, U C Mohanty, P Guhathakurta, A Gupta, A Kaginalkar, F Chen, and D Niyogi. Delay in timing and spatial reorganization of rainfall due to urbanization- Analysis for pre-monsoon conditions in Bhubaneswar, India. Computational Urban Science vol 3, Article number: 8 (2023) <\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Gayatry Kalita, et. al.: \u201c Forecasting of an unusual dust event over Western India by the Air Quality Early Warning System\u201d, Atmospheric Environment (2023) <\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Madhusmita Swain, R. Nadimpalli, U C Mohanty, and D Niyogi. Urban modification of heavy rainfall: a model case study for Bhubaneswar urban region. Computational Urban Science volume 3, Article number: 2 (2023)<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Swain, M., Nadimpalli, R., Das, A.K., Mohanty, U.C. and Niyogi, D., 2023. Urban modification of heavy rainfall: a model case study for Bhubaneswar urban region. Computational Urban Science, 3(1), p.2.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Chinmay Jena , et. al.: \u201c Evaluating the sensitivity of fine particulate matter (PM2.5 ) simulations to chemical mechanism in WRF-Chem over Delhi\u201d., Science of the Total Environment, (2023).<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Risma Joseph, P. P. Mujumdar, Rajarshi Das Bhowmik, (2022). Reconstruction of Urban Rainfall Measurements to Estimate the Spatiotemporal Variability of Extreme Rainfall. Water, 14(23), 3900. Doi: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/w14233900\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/w14233900<\/a> (2022)<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Gaurav Govardhan, et. al.: &#8220;Satellite retrieved stubble-burning activities in north-western India in 2021: Contribution to air pollution in Delhi\u201c, Heliyon (2022).<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Sreyashi Debnath, et. al.: \u201cImplications of implementing promulgated and prospective emission regulations on air quality and health in India during 2030\u201d AAQR (2022).<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Davis S, Pentakota L, Saptarishy N and Mujumdar PP : A Flood Forecasting Framework Coupling a High-Resolution WRF Ensemble With an Urban Hydrologic Model. Front. Earth Sci. 10:883842. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/feart.2022.883842\">doi: 10.3389\/feart.2022.883842 <\/a> (2022)<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Sengupta A., G. Govardhan, S. Debnath, C. Jena, A.N. Parde, P. Lonkar, P. Gunwani, Santosh H Kulkarni, S. Nivdange, R Kumar, and S.D. Ghude, \u201cProbing into the wintertime meteorology and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) forecast over Delhi\u201d, Atmospheric Pollution Research, (2022).<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">S. Nivdange, C. Jena, P. Pawar-Jadhav, G. Govardhan, Santosh H. Kulkarni, P. Lonkar, A. Vispute, N. Dhangar, A. Parde, P. Acharja, V. Kumar, P. Yadav and N. R Karmalkar: Nationwide CoViD-19 lockdown impact on air quality in India, Mausam, 73, 1, 115-128, (2022)<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Nadimpalli, Raghu, Shyama Mohanty, Nishant Pathak, Krishna K. Osuri, U. C. Mohanty, and Somoshree Chatterjee. &#8220;Understanding the characteristics of rapid intensity changes of Tropical Cyclones over North Indian Ocean.&#8221; SN Applied Sciences 3, no. 1 (2021): 1-12. <\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Mohanty, Shyama, Raghu Nadimpalli, U. C. Mohanty, M. Mohapatra, A. Sharma, Ananda K. Das, and S. Sil. &#8220;Quasi-operational forecast guidance of extremely severe cyclonic storm Fani over the Bay of Bengal using high-resolution mesoscale models.&#8221; Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics 133, no. 2 (2021): 331-348. <\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Pawar, P. V., S. D. Ghude, C. Jena, M\u00f3ring, A., Sutton, M. A., Kulkarni Santosh H., Lal, D. M., Surendran, D., Van Damme, M., Clarisse, L., Coheur, P.-F., Liu, X., Xu, W., Jiang, J., and Adhya, T. K.: Analysis of atmospheric ammonia over South and East Asia based on the MOZART-4 model and its comparison with satellite and surface observations, Atmos. Chem. Phys,. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/acp-2020-639\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194\/acp-2020-63<\/a>, (2021)<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">C. Jena, S. D. Ghude, R. Kumar, S. Debnath, G. Govardhan, V. K. Soni, Santosh H. Kulkarni, G. Beig, R. S. Nanjundiah and M. Rajeevan: Performance of high resolution (400 m) PM2.5 forecast over Delhi. Nature Sci Rep, 11, 4104, (2021)<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">S. D. Ghude, R. K. Karumuri, C. Jena, R. Kulkarni, G.G. Pfister, V. S. Sajjan, P. Pithani, S. Debnath, R. Kumar, B. Upendra, Santosh H. Kulkarni, D.M. Lal, R.J. Vander A, A. S. Mahajan: What is driving the diurnal variation in tropospheric NO2 columns over a cluster of high emission thermal power plants in India?, Atmospheric Environment: X 5, 100058, (2020)<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">S. D. Ghude, R. Kumar, C. Jena, S. Debnath, R. G. Kulkarni, S. Alessandrini, M. Biswas, Santosh H. Kulkrani, P. Pithani, S. Kelkar, V. Sajjan, D.M. Chate, V.K. Soni, S. Singh, R. S. Nanjundiah and M. Rajeevan: Evaluation of PM2.5 forecast using chemical data assimilation in the WRF-chem model: a new initiative under the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) air quality early warning system (AQEWS) for Delhi, Current Science (2020)<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Kumar R., Ghude, S. D, M. Biswas, C. Jena, S. Alessandrini, S. Debnath, Santosh Kulkarni, Simone Sperati, Vijay K. Soni, R. S. Nanjundiah, and M. Rajeevan: Enhancing accuracy of air quality and temperature forecasts during paddy crop-residue burning season in Delhi via chemical data assimilation, JGR (Atmosphere), (2020)<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li class=\"achievement-item\"><span class=\"achievement-title\">Jena, C., Ghude, S. D., Kulkarni, R., Debnath, S., Kumar, R., Soni, V. K., Acharja, P., Kulkarni Santosh H., Khare, M., Kaginalkar, A. J., Chate, D. M., Ali, K., Nanjundiah, R. S., and Rajeevan, M. N.: Evaluating the sensitivity of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) simulations to chemical mechanism in Delhi, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss., (2020)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h6>\u0938\u092e\u094d\u092e\u0947\u0932\u0928 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0936\u0928:<\/h6>\n<ol>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Arun K. Dwivedi, Sumita Kedia, Sagar Pokale, Palash Sinha, Akshara Kaginalkar, Manoj K. Khare, U.C. Mohanty, Sahidul Islam, Assessment of WRF Model in Predicting Heavy Rainfall Events over Complex Topographical Urban City Pune, submitted to International Conference on Urban Climate (ICUC-11), during 28 Aug-1 Sept 2023.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Sumita Kedia, A. K. Dwivedi, S. Pokale, S. Islam, A. Kaginalkar, P. Sinha, S. Ghvhale, R. Nadimpalli, U. C. Mohanty, D. Niyogi, M. Khare, Impact of land use information on heavy rainfall event forecast using an urban scale model, accepted and presented during AMS annual meeting 2023.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Dev Niyogi, Pallavi Gavali, Mohamed Niyaz J, Srujan Gavhale, Arun Dwivedi, Sumita K, Sagar Pokale, Gouri Kadam, Sahidul Islam, Akshara Kaginalkar, Praddep Mumdar. Abinav Wadhawa, Likhitha P.: Coupled Meteorology and Hydrology Modelling to Forecast Flood Extreme Events: Case Study of Pune, India. AGU Fall meeting 2022 meet, at Chicago 12 -16 Dec 2022, Advances in modeling hydrological extremes and engineering practices.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Gouri Kadam, M. Niyaz, P. G. Gavali, S. Gavhale, L. Pentakota, S. Kedia, S. Islam, A. K. Dwivedi, S. Pokale, A. Kaginalkar, P. Mujumdar, M. Khare, and D. Niyogi: Multi-Model Hydrology for Urban Flood Early Warning for Pune, India . 103rd American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting, Denver, USA. (37th Conference on Hydrology). <\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Pallavi Gavali, Srujan Gavhale, Mohamed Niyaz, Sahidul Islam, Sumita kedia, Sagar Pokale, Arun Dwivedi, Gouri Kadam, Akshara Kaginalkar, Manoj Khare, and Abhinav WadhwaIntegrated Reservoir Operations using coupled Hydro-Met Multi-Model system for flood forecasting and mitigations for Pune, India, submitted to EGU general Assembly 2023, 23-28 April 2023<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Lead talk by Dr. Sumita Kedia and Dr. Yogesh Kumar Singh on &#8220;C-DAC\u2019s Innovative Technological Development for Societal Applications to Adress Weather\/Climate Hazards &#8220;.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">International Conference on \u201cSustainable Agricultural Development with Climate Smart Systems\u201d (SADCSS-2024) , S\u2019O\u2019A (Deemed to be University) Bhubaneswar, India during July 18-20, 2024. Organized by Centre for Climate Smart Agriculture and Faculty of Agricultural Sciences<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Sahidul Islam et al., A high-resolution heat wave forecasting system over urban region in India, International Conference on \u201cSustainable Agricultural Development with Climate Smart Systems\u201d (SADCSS-2024) , S\u2019O\u2019A (Deemed to be University) Bhubaneswar, India during July 18-20, 2024. Organized by Centre for Climate Smart Agriculture and Faculty of Agricultural Sciences<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Manoj Khare et al, GIS and Remote Sensing for Smart Agriculture, International Conference on \u201cSustainable Agricultural Development with Climate Smart Systems\u201d (SADCSS-2024) , S\u2019O\u2019A (Deemed to be University) Bhubaneswar, India during July 18-20, 2024. Organized by Centre for Climate Smart Agriculture and Faculty of Agricultural Sciences<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Palash Sinha et al, Assessing WRF model performance in simulating heatwave over India, International Conference on \u201cSustainable Agricultural Development with Climate Smart Systems\u201d (SADCSS-2024) , S\u2019O\u2019A (Deemed to be University) Bhubaneswar, India during July 18-20, 2024. Organized by Centre for Climate Smart Agriculture and Faculty of Agricultural Sciences<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Key note lecture by Manoj Khare on Key Note Speakers on Climate change, climate variability and adaptation strategies, International Conference on \u201cSustainable Agricultural Development with Climate Smart Systems\u201d (SADCSS-2024) , S\u2019O\u2019A (Deemed to be University) Bhubaneswar, India during July 18-20, 2024. Organized by Centre for Climate Smart Agriculture and Faculty of Agricultural Sciences<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Nagaraju Gaddam, Abhinav Wadhwa, Likhitha P, Pradeep P Mujumdar, \u201cWRF- SWMM Coupled Model Performance Assessment with LCZ Classifications\u201d, AGU Fall Meeting 2022, held in Chicago in 2022.<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span class=\"achievement-title\">Likhitha P, Abhinav Wadhwa, Shubha Avinash, Nagaraju Gaddam, \u201cLow Impact Development (LID) as Flood Control Alternatives for Rapidly Changing Urban Landscape\u201d, AGU Fall Meeting 2022, held in Chicago in 2022.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<details id=\"e-n-accordion-item-7545\" class=\"e-n-accordion-item\" >\n\t\t\t\t<summary class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title\" data-accordion-index=\"6\" tabindex=\"-1\" aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"e-n-accordion-item-7545\" >\n\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-header'><span class=\"e-n-accordion-item-title-text\"> Stakeholders <\/span><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class='e-n-accordion-item-title-icon'>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-opened' ><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-minus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h384c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t<span class='e-closed'><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-plus\" viewbox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 208H272V64c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32h-32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v144H32c-17.67 0-32 14.33-32 32v32c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h144v144c0 17.67 14.33 32 32 32h32c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32V304h144c17.67 0 32-14.33 32-32v-32c0-17.67-14.33-32-32-32z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/summary>\n\t\t\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-7545\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7b059b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b7b059b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"e-n-accordion-item-7545\" class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ccf8c9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ccf8c9c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b5cc467 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit ekit-equal-height-enable elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-image-box\" data-id=\"b5cc467\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >\n            <div class=\"elementskit-info-image-box ekit-image-box text-left simple-card\" >\n\n                \n                <div class=\"elementskit-box-header image-box-img-left\">\n\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/seva-r0fd613txrzsqk1fe56sbr9mk02vro7uz7vsc6r3uy.png\" title=\"seva\" alt=\"5\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n                <\/div>\n                \n                <div class=\"elementskit-box-body ekit-image-box-body\">\n                    <div class=\"elementskit-box-content ekit-image-box-body-inner\">\n                                                <h3 class=\"elementskit-info-box-title\">\n\n                        \u0915\u0902\u0938\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0936\u093f\u092f\u093e \u092a\u093e\u0930\u094d\u091f\u0928\u0930\n                        \n                    <\/h3>\n                                                            <div class=\"elementskit-box-style-content\">\n                        <div class=\"row\">\n  <div class=\"col-md-6\">\n    \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0917\u0924 \u0938\u0902\u0917\u0923\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0915\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 (\u0938\u0940-\u0921\u0948\u0915), \u092a\u0941\u0923\u0947\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"col-md-6 p-1\">\n    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"logo-img\" style=\"width:130px\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/CDAC-logo.jpeg\" \/>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"row\">\n  <div class=\"col-md-6\">\n    \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0909\u0937\u094d\u0923\u0915\u091f\u093f\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0940\u092f \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 (\u0906\u0908\u0906\u0908\u091f\u0940\u090f\u092e), \u092a\u0941\u0923\u0947\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"col-md-6 p-1\">\n    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"logo-img\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/iitm.png\" \/>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"row\">\n  <div class=\"col-md-6\">\n    \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928 (\u0906\u0908\u0906\u0908\u090f\u0938\u0938\u0940), \u092c\u0947\u0902\u0917\u0932\u0941\u0930\u0941\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"col-md-6 p-1\">\n    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"logo-img\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/iisc.png\" \/>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"row\">\n  <div class=\"col-md-6\">\n    \u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u094c\u0926\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0917\u093f\u0915\u0940 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e\u0928, \u092d\u0941\u0935\u0928\u0947\u0936\u094d\u0935\u0930 (\u0906\u0908\u0906\u0908\u091f\u0940 \u092c\u0940\u092c\u0940\u090f\u0938)\n  <\/div>\n  <div class=\"col-md-6 p-1\">\n    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"logo-img\" style=\"width:130px\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/iit-bbs.png\" \/>\n  <\/div>\n<\/div>                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b20edd9 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit ekit-equal-height-enable elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-image-box\" data-id=\"b20edd9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >\n            <div class=\"elementskit-info-image-box ekit-image-box text-left simple-card\" >\n\n                \n                <div class=\"elementskit-box-header image-box-img-left\">\n\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/seva-r0fd613txrzsqk1fe56sbr9mk02vro7uz7vsc6r3uy.png\" title=\"seva\" alt=\"5\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n                <\/div>\n                \n                <div class=\"elementskit-box-body ekit-image-box-body\">\n                    <div class=\"elementskit-box-content ekit-image-box-body-inner\">\n                                                <h3 class=\"elementskit-info-box-title\">\n\n                        Collaborators\n                        \n                    <\/h3>\n                                                            <div class=\"elementskit-box-style-content\">\n                        <ul>\n \t<li>\u0911\u091f\u094b\u092e\u094b\u091f\u093f\u0935 \u0930\u093f\u0938\u0930\u094d\u091a \u090f\u0938\u094b\u0938\u093f\u090f\u0936\u0928 \u0911\u092b \u0907\u0902\u0921\u093f\u092f\u093e (\u090f\u0906\u0930\u090f\u0906\u0908), \u092a\u0941\u0923\u0947<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092e\u0927\u094d\u092f\u092e \u0905\u0935\u0927\u093f \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0928\u0941\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 (\u090f\u0928\u0938\u0940\u090f\u092e\u0906\u0930\u0921\u092c\u094d\u0932\u094d\u092f\u0942\u090f\u092b)<\/li>\n \t<li>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917 (\u0906\u0908\u090f\u092e\u0921\u0940)<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093e\u091f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u092a\u0926\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 (\u0915\u0947\u090f\u0938\u090f\u0928\u0921\u0940\u090f\u092e\u0938\u0940)<\/li>\n<\/ul>                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2af4f05 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-widget-mobile__width-inherit ekit-equal-height-enable elementor-widget elementor-widget-elementskit-image-box\" data-id=\"2af4f05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"elementskit-image-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"ekit-wid-con\" >\n            <div class=\"elementskit-info-image-box ekit-image-box text-left simple-card\" >\n\n                \n                <div class=\"elementskit-box-header image-box-img-left\">\n\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/wp-content\/uploads\/elementor\/thumbs\/seva-r0fd613txrzsqk1fe56sbr9mk02vro7uz7vsc6r3uy.png\" title=\"seva\" alt=\"5\" loading=\"lazy\" \/>\n                <\/div>\n                \n                <div class=\"elementskit-box-body ekit-image-box-body\">\n                    <div class=\"elementskit-box-content ekit-image-box-body-inner\">\n                                                <h3 class=\"elementskit-info-box-title\">\n\n                        End Users\n                        \n                    <\/h3>\n                                                            <div class=\"elementskit-box-style-content\">\n                        <ul>\n \t<li>\u092d\u093e\u0930\u0924 \u092e\u094c\u0938\u092e \u0935\u093f\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917 (\u0906\u0908\u090f\u092e\u0921\u0940)<\/li>\n \t<li>\u092a\u0941\u0923\u0947 \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u092e (\u092a\u0940\u090f\u092e\u0938\u0940), \u0906\u092a\u0926\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092c\u0902\u0927\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917<\/li>\n \t<li>\u092a\u0941\u0923\u0947 \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u092e (\u092a\u0940\u090f\u092e\u0938\u0940) \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0935\u093f\u092d\u093e\u0917<\/li>\n \t<li>\u092a\u093f\u0902\u092a\u0930\u0940 \u091a\u093f\u0902\u091a\u0935\u0921\u093c \u0928\u0917\u0930 \u0928\u093f\u0917\u092e (\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u090f\u092e\u0938\u0940)<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0928\u093e\u091f\u0915 \u0930\u093e\u091c\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u093e\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f\u0915 \u0906\u092a\u0926\u093e \u0928\u093f\u0917\u0930\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930 (\u0915\u0947\u090f\u0938\u090f\u0928\u0921\u0940\u090f\u092e\u0938\u0940)<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0915\u0947\u0902\u0926\u094d\u0930\u0940\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0921 (\u0938\u0940\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u092c\u0940)<\/li>\n \t<li>\u092e\u0939\u093e\u0930\u093e\u0937\u094d\u091f\u094d\u0930 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0926\u0942\u0937\u0923 \u0928\u093f\u092f\u0902\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u092c\u094b\u0930\u094d\u0921 (\u090f\u092e\u092a\u0940\u0938\u0940\u092c\u0940)<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0935\u0948\u091c\u094d\u091e\u093e\u0928\u093f\u0915 \/ \u0936\u094b\u0927\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0924\u093e<\/li>\n \t<li>\u0938\u094d\u0928\u093e\u0924\u0915\u094b\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0940\u090f\u091a.\u0921\u0940. \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0936\u094b\u0927 \u091b\u093e\u0924\u094d\u0930<\/li>\n<\/ul>                    <\/div>\n                                    <\/div>\n\n                            <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n    <\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/details>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Urban Modelling: Development of multi-sectorial simulation lab and science-based decision support framework to address urban environment issues About ProjectIndia reported to have more urban population in the coming years and it is projected to double its size by 2050. Due to this rapid urban expansion in Indian cities is giving rise to environmental issues such &hellip;","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":0,"parent":1258,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8230","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-application"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8230","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8230"}],"version-history":[{"count":166,"href":"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8230\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8593,"href":"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8230\/revisions\/8593"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1258"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8230"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8230"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nsmindia.in\/hi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8230"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}